NF-κB ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kits are designed to detect and quantify Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) in biological samples. NF-κB is a critical transcription factor involved in regulating immune response, inflammation, cell proliferation, and survival. Its dysregulation is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Components of NF-κB ELISA Kits
- Microplate: A 96-well plate pre-coated with antibodies specific to NF-κB or its subunits (e.g., p65/RelA, p50). This allows for the specific capture of NF-κB from the sample.
- Reagents:
- Capture Antibodies: Antibodies immobilized on the microplate wells that specifically bind to NF-κB or its subunits.
- Detection Antibodies: Antibodies conjugated to an enzyme (e.g., horseradish peroxidase, HRP) that bind to NF-κB captured by the capture antibodies.
- Substrate Solution: Reacts with the enzyme linked to the detection antibodies to produce a colorimetric change proportional to the amount of NF-κB.
- Stop Solution: An acid solution that halts the enzymatic reaction and stabilizes the color development for measurement.
Applications
- Inflammation Research: Measures NF-κB levels to study its role in inflammatory processes and signaling pathways.
- Cancer Research: Investigates NF-κB’s involvement in tumor progression, metastasis, and response to therapy, as NF-κB is often upregulated in cancer cells.
- Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases: Assesses NF-κB levels to understand its role in autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) and chronic conditions.
Sensitivity and Specificity
- Sensitivity: Refers to the assay’s ability to detect low levels of NF-κB. High sensitivity is crucial for detecting NF-κB, especially in samples with low concentrations.
- Specificity: Ensures that the assay accurately detects NF-κB and minimizes cross-reactivity with other proteins or transcription factors.
NF-κB ELISA kits are valuable tools for quantifying NF-κB in various biological samples. They are widely used in inflammation research, cancer studies, and investigations of autoimmune and chronic diseases. Understanding the components, procedures, and limitations of these kits ensures accurate and reliable measurement of NF-κB, providing important insights into its role in health and disease.
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